First off, those are all Cat5 cables going into a legacy (older) patch-panel interface. Basically like a junction box of sorts.
We (nor you) know what's going into those lines - could be patched analog (telephone), or it could be all cat-5 networking.
HOWEVER - it's extremely likely for phone because of the way it's patching. I'm pretty sure that's a Leviton model.
The patch panel presented to you would modernize that (recommended), but would break everything phone-wise if those are your phone lines... IF you still needed them (as phone/fax lines).
TO answer your question - we'd need to know where those Cat5 cables are going/traveling to... before you attempt to repurpose them.
You should invest a few bucks into a small toner-finder unit for wires and put one end in your phone jacks around the house, and the other end there.... If you have what I think you have (ethernet cat5 cables being used for phone lines), you can likely repurpose those wires into being network jacks instead and replace that Leviton PWB-58141 patch panel with a network patch panel for Cat5/Cat6 cabling and use it for inner-house network connectivity.
https://www.amazon.com/Klein-Tools-VDV500-705-Generator-Alligator/dp/B084LKVBM5/ref=asc_df_B084LKVBM5/?tag=hyprod-20&linkCode=df0&hvadid=692875362841&hvpos=&hvnetw=g&hvrand=4558707265922689696&hvpone=&hvptwo=&hvqmt=&hvdev=c&hvdvcmdl=&hvlocint=&hvlocphy=9192495&hvtargid=pla-2281435179778&mcid=fc4087dffe363e40948a1871a63a34f7&hvocijid=4558707265922689696-B084LKVBM5-&hvexpln=73&th=1Also, go to a select room, take the phone-plate off the wall and see if you see similar cat5 blue cat5 cables with all 8 wires intact... that would be an excellent sign you can convert to ethernet (data) networking.