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Gun Room (Safe/Storm Room) HVAC Help

3,051 Views | 28 Replies | Last: 5 mo ago by shalackin
shalackin
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AG
need to rough in HVAC and looking for some thoughts. We work with several HVAC companies for our clients projects, but havne't done a concrete gun room. This is my personal.

400sf concrete room with vault door
250sf of utility room that ties the house to the safe room

company 1 = $16,850
-1.5 ton ducted mini split for the 600 sq ft,
-ERV for the exhaust and fresh air for the gun room to deal with the solvent smell
-stand alone dehumidifier for the gun room
Working on controls to tie dehumidifier and system together, exhaust fan would be put on
a timer switch to turn on while you are working. There is a good chance we would need to
core another hole, I did not include coring

Company 2 = $13,665
- Install of Medium Static Ducted Mini-Split
Low Ambient High-Efficiency Mini-Split Heat Pump, 1 Phase Single Zone, up to 23.8 SEER2 10.7 HSPF2
Lennox MMDD012S6-1P, 1.0 Ton, 208-230 VAC 1 Ph 60 Hz, Mini-Split Medium Static Ducted Air Handler
Lennox VSTAT04P-1, Wired Programmable Controller
- Install of in wall mounted self contained dehumidifier UltraMD33 A2L In-Wall Dehumidifier
- Install of in-line exhaust fan with temp and humidity control CLOUDLINE PRO T4, Quiet Inline Duct Fan System with Temperature Humidity VPD Controller, 4-Inch

Company 3 = $8,267
- 1.5 Ton Ducted Mini-Split Includes: MINI-SPLIT HEAT PUMP SINGLE-ZONE OUTDOOR DAIKIN 18K BTUH 14.5SEER2 9.6EER 7.8 HSPF2 208/230V R410A FDMQ18WVJU9 MINI-SPLIT HEAT PUMP SINGLE AND MULTI ZONE"DOOR DUCTED DAIKIN 17.6K BTUH 208/230V R410A
shalackin
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AG
We are leaning towards Company 2 right now. Seems like the most bang for the buck. But I am a GC, not a mechanical expert. Not many fully get the need for a sealed concrete safe room. I think the De-Humidifier is a must.
Gunny456
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AG
If you're going to keep firearms with wood furniture on them …keep the temp around 70+ degrees and humidity between 35%-50%. Get a good hygrometer to monitor that.
Try to minimize electrical circuits as much as possible to help prevent possibility of fires.
You don't want to dry your wood out too much.
Your plans sound nice.
shalackin
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AG
Gunny456 said:

If you're going to keep firearms with wood furniture on them …keep the temp around 70+ degrees and humidity between 35%-50%. I keep mine at 40-45. Get a good hygrometer to monitor that.
Try to minimize electrical circuits as much as possible to help prevent possibility of fires.
You don't want to dry your wood out too much.
Your plans sound nice.

There are 3 options, do you think one is best? It is really between 1 and 2.
Gunny456
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AG
I would probably go with #2 personally… except I would somehow prefer the stand alone de-humidifier. Reason is you can, in a crises not have A/C and not hurt things much…..but you always need your humidity in check.
So if you have a stand alone, and it should go out,you can just worry of replacing it quickly or at worst use a portable one as back up.
My thoughts anyway.
Vegas-aggie
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AG
Just personal experience, but most recent installation was a Daikin,, which didn't even last 3 years. Broke down multiple times each summer and that was a larger unit than necessary. Replaced last year with same size Lennox and it has worked flawlessly.
skelso
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AG
What's the reason for ducted vs high wall?

I installed a 4 zone Carrier in my shop. All 4 zones are high wall. Wach has a humidy control function where it slows the blower down so the unit pulls more humidity without supercooling the room.
shalackin
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AG
Not sure why they all 3 suggested it be ducted. I have plenty of attic space above the room and it makes it so that it isn't visible.
SGrem
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Raise temperatures to control humidity not cooler.

The psychrometric table is the most complicated table ever discovered by man but as you raise temperatures you lower humidity. That's why the golden bar and other similar safe heater bars exist.

As the air gets cooler the humidity sticks to everything.... thats why you will see condensation on your windows after the AC been cranking all night. Warm the temps and the humidity stays in the air and not on gun barrels.

Turn on the AC from 6am to noon or so then let the space warm up. This cycle will scrub the humidity from the air then warm up to suck that humidity back into the air again....waiting for the next cycle.

You all will remember "slime in the ice machine"....you never hear about slime in the heater....
Www.gowithgrem.com
P.H. Dexippus
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AG
Make sure you have return air from the safe room. Do you plan to have a drain line/floor drain in the space? I could see the trap drying out from constant dehumidification. But it may help with using a portable dehumidifier and save you in case of a leak in the adjacent utility room.
shalackin
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AG
won't have a drain in the floor. the dedicated de-humidifier will dump outside the room.

I think the current plan is to go with Option 2, removing the Cloudline and installing a true return instead. So there will be be a return int eh safe room and a return in the utility room. then 2 supplies in each and 1 supply in the little guest bathroom. From what I was told, the most important piece in the setup is the dedicated dehumidifier.
SGrem
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Yes dehumidifier is a game changer for a space like that. Especially if you are in out often.
Www.gowithgrem.com
Gunny456
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AG
Here is a good read on what the Cody Firearm Museum and the NRA Museums keep their collections at as far as temp and humidity ranges and what they recommend.
It is compiled by Liberty Safes with some links.
My FIL was the weapons curator at a museum. He recommended not having large temperature changes and not lowering the humidity too much. The article addresses those factors. https://www.libertysafe.com/blogs/the-vault/impact-of-humidity-on-firearms

SGrem
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Good read for this discussion right there. Always so interesting to me.

In my past life I was the District Energy Engineer on the south side of Houston. I designed electrical and mechanical systems for big electricity consumers, waste water treatment plants, consulting for the utility companies etc. Walked away from that career in 2016 and started guiding full time.

One of my big projects was summer operations in school buildings since there were no kids in there and they would be shampooing carpets. So lots of water introduction into the system while also Noone to keep cool for comfort. We did dehumidifiers in the library and moved all the instruments and band uniforms etc in there.

For the classrooms we did as I described above....we ran the HVAC system from 6am-12pm to 74 degrees. And no more shampooing after 12pm to not introduce any more moisture. Then let it warm up to 88 degrees. This was the first time in over 25 yrs the school district didn't have mold issues in the classrooms and they saved almost $1million a month for summer operation vs just running the systems as normal thru the summer. School district had 72 facilities run this way. None of them had mold or humidity issues.

With a museum you obviously have people visiting so the set points and operational best practices would be different to keep the space comfortable and presentable. So very different goals.
Www.gowithgrem.com
schmellba99
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AG
SGrem said:

Raise temperatures to control humidity not cooler.

The psychrometric table is the most complicated table ever discovered by man but as you raise temperatures you lower humidity. That's why the golden bar and other similar safe heater bars exist.

As the air gets cooler the humidity sticks to everything.... thats why you will see condensation on your windows after the AC been cranking all night. Warm the temps and the humidity stays in the air and not on gun barrels.

Turn on the AC from 6am to noon or so then let the space warm up. This cycle will scrub the humidity from the air then warm up to suck that humidity back into the air again....waiting for the next cycle.

You all will remember "slime in the ice machine"....you never hear about slime in the heater....

No.

The goldenrod devices work because they raise temperature slightly in a very small area (safe) thus increasing the air pressure inside the safe and preventing air form forming a humid environment inside the small area. I suppose you could do the same thing inside a house or a room, but it would be miserably hot inside the room to achieve the same results.

You said you live in Alvin - you should know that simply raising the temp doesn't mean the humidity goes away. Try turning off the AC in your house and see what happens. You see condensation on the windows because you have a thermal barrier of cold and dry on the inside and warm and wet on the outside of the window. The cold dry barrier pulls moisture out of the air when the hot wet air hits the barrier.

Air conditioners remove humidity, they don't add to it. They remove humidity by cooling the air (especially in high humidity environments) which forces the water vapor to condense on the coils (where the heat transfer takes place) - which is why you have drain pans on air conditioning units. It's also why swamp coolers are ineffective in our neck of the woods but work extremely well in low humidity desert environments like Phoenix. That's why you add humidifiers in conditioned rooms that you need to keep a higher humidity in - because air conditioning dries the air out.

You don't hear about slime in the heater because - wait for it - the heater element heats up and cooks off anything on the element itself. But you absolutely do get mold/etc. in ducts where warm air flows if the air is too wet. Unless you are getting to really stupid high temps inside a structure, a heating element can only alter the ambient humidity a small amount. You get slime in the ice machine because even in an ice machine you don't have 100% removal of heat when water freezes, so you have a very damp environment that, even though it is cold, is conducive to slime growth over time if not cleaned out or dried out periodically.
schmellba99
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AG
You want to keep humidity around 50%, give or take to keep your wood furniture on guns from drying out. Most normal conditioned spaces will keep the humidity in a good range without any additional inputs or outputs needed, but it wouldn't hurt IMO to toss a hydrometer in the room after you get it up and running and if you need to add a humidifier, put a small wall plug-in unit in the room. You aren't talking about a huge space, seems like the system is being made far more complicated than it needs to be IMO.

Make sure you get an inverter variable speed fan - once that room settles in, the concrete walls make great insulators and it will maintain temps extremely well and your fan won't run all that much compared to a normal stick framed structure. Less air exchanges, concrete walls, no windows - all make for a room that will keep a pretty stable environment without a lot of help.

I wouldn't put the utility room and the safe room on the same HVAC system personally, but that's me. Way too much difference in room use, environment, location, etc. that make it very difficult to have a system that works for both efficiently. Utility room should be on the main house HVAC, safe room should have a small dedicated one. For that size you likely only need about a 8k-9k btu. With AC's, slightly undersized is better than slightly oversized in terms of efficiency and life span of the unit. If you are worried about smells from cleaning solvents, throw in an exhaust fan that you turn on like you have in the bathroom or laundry room that you turn on while cleaning and leave on for about 20-30 mins after, then turn off (can put a timer switch in that does this automatically). Or clean guns in the garage.
AgLA06
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AG
What's the thought process on doing full concrete walls, but not ceiling (if I understand your attic space comment correctly)?

Seems that's a lot of money to still have fire threat (cave in from above) or someone being able to access from above. How much more for a concrete pan ceiling above to make it a true storm shelter / safe room?
Gunny456
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AG
As I said in my original post, humidity should be in the 40% -45% range. However constant temperatures are equally important to minimize contraction and expansion
of wood and metal parts….with the ideal being in the 70-74 degree range…..erring to the cooler side.
SGrem
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Psychrometrics is hard.

Drop the temp in your safe room and check your hygrometer. Then raise the temp. You will see for yourself.

Or oversized the system where it jams the cold with little run time and you will see it cannot scrub the humidity out of the air. All are bad things in a safe room.
Www.gowithgrem.com
SGrem
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Gunny456 said:

As I said in my original post, humidity should be in the 40% -45% range. However constant temperatures are equally important to minimize contraction and expansion
of wood and metal parts….with the ideal being in the 70-74 degree range…..erring to the cooler side.


The temp swings would have to be Purdy extreme to have that kind of expansion contraction concerns.

Really have to determine the rooms intended use. If it will be storage and just in to get a gun or for a reloading session then the HVAC operations could be very different vs a dual use room that is also an office that will get used daily. Then occupant comfort would be a different operation.
Www.gowithgrem.com
BrazosDog02
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AG
I don't think folks understand how humidity affects guns. That's what SGrem is trying to explain to everyone.

Relative humidity is your problem here. Goldenrods work by raising temperature and thereby reducing relative humidity. The absolute humidity in the room remains unchanged. You can do the same thing in a safe room. Personally, I don't put ac systems in my safe rooms. There is enough exchange if you keep your house ac system dialed in to keep guns safe, especially if your ceiling is not concrete. Even if it was, safe doors are not air tight.

An AC system reduces the absolute humidity so you can reduce the temperature in your gun room.

Seriously. Read up on how relative humidity works.

If Gunny is right and 70 is the target temp, then you'll likely need to have a dehumidifier but a decent SLOW RUNNING ac system should accommodate it. It won't always be able to though so a dehumidifier will be required.

I've stored guns piled in closets, in a safe, and in a safe room. My safe runs average of 50% humidity with a goldenrod type of device. Temperature is 75-80.

Personally, I don't worry much about the temperature. It swings throughout the year in a safe, and in a few weeks I'm going to take my very expensive walnut stocked shotgun and take it from 75 degrees to 103 instantly when I walk outside to shoot doves.

I don't disagree with Gunny that temp matters, but sometimes it's not always possible to maintain it in certain spaces. I DO think relative humidity is important. Basically I think if YOU are comfortable in your house, then your guns will also be comfortable in their safe or safe room by standard air exchange. Just my opinion. You aren't running a gun museum and think we'll all be dead as a species before that level of climate control will matter to a firearm.
Gunny456
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AG
I hear what you are saying but I don't know.
There are a couple of guys that I mess with in some collecting that are past presidents of the Colts and Winchesters Collector Associations. They are extremely wealthy and they both have tremendous gun/safe rooms.
One, who lives in our area, has a collection that would rival some museums. The $$$$ value and historical value of some firearms he has is mind numbing.
He spared no expense in his construction of his gun room….and did research out of his butt before building it. He had a company out of Colorado? build it. They build facilities for storage of fine art, historical vehicles, firearms, fine musical instruments, and historical documents and artifacts.
They did a ground up construction with emphasis on fire/smoke protection, vault like theft protection, and environmental/climate control/protection. They set the entire system up for him.
His room stays at 45% humidity and 69-71 degrees 24/7/365. He has a dedicated generator for just the gun room plus his whole house generator in case of power failure. He keeps a couple of stand alone portable dehumidifiers for " just in case" .
He has had his firearms and some other very valuable collectibles in the room for about 15 years. His firearms stay in impeccable condition.
He has various cohorts that are fellow collectors that have built their safe rooms, albeit not as big and fancy as his, that mirror the same climate parameters.
My late FIL (the guy who was weapons curator at the museum) had a simple room for his personal collection at his house. A/C from his house kept it at 73-74 and a Wal Mart dehumidifier to keep the humidity at 40-45%. He never had any issues I know of.
I guess to each his own on how to build it and keep it?
SGrem
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80 degrees in Scottsdale Arizona is world's different from 80 degrees in Galveston Texas.

And infinite money vs savings opportunities have different goals.
Www.gowithgrem.com
MyNameIsJeff
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AG
schmellba99 said:

SGrem said:

Raise temperatures to control humidity not cooler.

The psychrometric table is the most complicated table ever discovered by man but as you raise temperatures you lower humidity. That's why the golden bar and other similar safe heater bars exist.

As the air gets cooler the humidity sticks to everything.... thats why you will see condensation on your windows after the AC been cranking all night. Warm the temps and the humidity stays in the air and not on gun barrels.

Turn on the AC from 6am to noon or so then let the space warm up. This cycle will scrub the humidity from the air then warm up to suck that humidity back into the air again....waiting for the next cycle.

You all will remember "slime in the ice machine"....you never hear about slime in the heater....

No.

The goldenrod devices work because they raise temperature slightly in a very small area (safe) thus increasing the air pressure inside the safe and preventing air form forming a humid environment inside the small area. I suppose you could do the same thing inside a house or a room, but it would be miserably hot inside the room to achieve the same results.

You said you live in Alvin - you should know that simply raising the temp doesn't mean the humidity goes away. Try turning off the AC in your house and see what happens. You see condensation on the windows because you have a thermal barrier of cold and dry on the inside and warm and wet on the outside of the window. The cold dry barrier pulls moisture out of the air when the hot wet air hits the barrier.

Air conditioners remove humidity, they don't add to it. They remove humidity by cooling the air (especially in high humidity environments) which forces the water vapor to condense on the coils (where the heat transfer takes place) - which is why you have drain pans on air conditioning units. It's also why swamp coolers are ineffective in our neck of the woods but work extremely well in low humidity desert environments like Phoenix. That's why you add humidifiers in conditioned rooms that you need to keep a higher humidity in - because air conditioning dries the air out.

You don't hear about slime in the heater because - wait for it - the heater element heats up and cooks off anything on the element itself. But you absolutely do get mold/etc. in ducts where warm air flows if the air is too wet. Unless you are getting to really stupid high temps inside a structure, a heating element can only alter the ambient humidity a small amount. You get slime in the ice machine because even in an ice machine you don't have 100% removal of heat when water freezes, so you have a very damp environment that, even though it is cold, is conducive to slime growth over time if not cleaned out or dried out periodically.

I think y'all are both saying roughly the same thing.

Increasing the temperature of a space reduces the relative humidity. Take a completely sealed room at 70 and heat it to 80, and the RH will drop. The actual amount of moisture in the air, or absolute humidity, is constant, but the amount of moisture the air is capable of holding will increase, reducing the RH.
Gunny456
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AG
Here is another link to further info on storing firearms in safes or vaults/gun rooms. Turnbull is one of, if not the, premier restoration and firearm care company in the U.S.
They address the temp and humidity concerns of firearm storage in this link. They are not a museum so they are not concerned about temperatures to keep folks comfortable while walking around in a museum.
The information they give mirrors several other sources on the subject of what temp and humidity firearms should be stored at online.

https://www.turnbullrestoration.com/best-temperature-and-humidity-for-gun-storage/

shalackin
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AG
AgLA06 said:

What's the thought process on doing full concrete walls, but not ceiling (if I understand your attic space comment correctly)?

Seems that's a lot of money to still have fire threat (cave in from above) or someone being able to access from above. How much more for a concrete pan ceiling above to make it a true storm shelter / safe room?


ceiling is 8" thick concrete. Attic space is above that.
Gunny456
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AgLA06
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AG
shalackin said:

AgLA06 said:

What's the thought process on doing full concrete walls, but not ceiling (if I understand your attic space comment correctly)?

Seems that's a lot of money to still have fire threat (cave in from above) or someone being able to access from above. How much more for a concrete pan ceiling above to make it a true storm shelter / safe room?


ceiling is 8" thick concrete. Attic space is above that.


Awesome. Now we're getting into bunker / panick room fun down the rabbit hole.

Hidden return air supply lines out to the yard? Backup secure power source? Land line phone?
shalackin
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AG
LOL... not going full on prepper. Just a room for me and my stuff, and then doubles as a storm shelter for the family when needed. I would have gone underground with it if I was crazy about the prepping.
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