I'm a pathologist. I married a 3rd generation Aggie who is now a heme/onc fellow.
The CWE is a nice neighborhood, and nothing is more important in residency than proximity to the hospital. Proximity to the hospital was my family's number one criteria in searching for our home during residency, and the fact that my wife could be in bed 10 minutes after signing out her patients post call was a major boon. But I'm not familiar with your situation--a family, monetary constraints, or the desire to buy a home don't mesh with the CWE.
It's been a while (so things may have changed), but Barnes and SLU medicine residents used to rotate at the VA as their only outside hospital. The VA is an abysmal hospital located on the edge of a bad part of town (it's north of Delmar), and I would recommend that you have a car if only to drive to and from that hellhole (they have a protected lot with 24 hour security).
I loved St. Louis and would move back there in a second. It's a unique city with a small town feel, fascinating history, unique neighborhoods, and an ease of living that just makes everyday life more enjoyable. I loved drinking beer and playing Bocce at Milo's, picking up a dozen donuts at World Fair for Saturday morning rounds, the smell of the AB brewery on the drive into work as they were cooking up that day's mash, blowing off steam at Fast Eddie's, and summer nights at the Muny or at Busch Stadium. The people are generally blue-collar and friendly, you can get anywhere in the metro area inside of a half hour, traffic is non-existent (except for I-64), and the cost of living is low. Prepare yourself for the inability to procure decent mexican or barbecue, but don't worry, there's plenty of great food otherwise, and Ted Drewe's on the hood of your car is pretty close to heaven.
Winter is not too bad. The average winter will see 4-5 major snows (>6" ). Rarely does snow stick for more than a week; it fouls commutes but doesn't shut the city down. Winter temps rarely get into the teens, and single digit/negative temps were vanishingly rare.
[This message has been edited by billikenag (edited 3/20/2011 11:32p).]