There's no such thing as strict liability in this kind of situation. There would need to be some kind of evidence of recklessness or carelessness. An errant shot in and of itself isn't sufficient evidence to support a negligence finding (i.e., that you did not behave the same as a reasonably prudent person). Trying to hit one straight up the fairway and slicing it into a home? That's one thing. Trying to cut the corner on a dogleg by aiming over a house? That's another.
That, plus the assumption of risk doctrine, is going to protect most golfers. Same way it would protect a hitter in a men's beer league game that fouled a ball into the stands or parking lot.
Some folks have even gone so far as to try and sue courses themselves for their design because there's no real way to get at the golfer, absent evidence that is hard to prove. Most of those cases lost, too.
This is more a question of "What should you do" and not "What must you do" in my opinion (not legal advice). If you break a window, and you are so inclined by your morals and code, by all means, leave a note or business card and offer to pay for the window. Maybe it's an offer to split the cost. They assumed the risk; you hit a bad shot. Or maybe it's to keep moving and not address it. Either way, it's not going to come down to the courts telling you that you have to pay.
As far as the guy in the clip, he should at least get to tell the guy that the shot was garbage and that he's pissed, unless he's trespassing on the course. Ultimately, he's probably going to have to eat a **** sandwich on the cost of the window unless the golfer steps up on his own accord.
