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medRxiv publishes preliminary scientific reports which are not peer reviewed and, therefore, should not be considered conclusive, guide clinical practice / health-related behaviors, or treated as established information.

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Mihai Netea and colleagues say that while the vaccine has been shown to be up to 95% effective in preventing infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and subsequent COVID-19, Little is known about the general effects the vaccine may have on innate and adaptive immune responses.


Just read that slowly. That is the living example of why science has messed this up so badly.

You have 2 levels of immune response. The adaptive immune response involves antibodies with highly variable regions. The immune system basically tries out the antibodies produced by a bunch of different cells, each cell making a different antibody. Those that pass the test (identify the invader but don't attack the human) increase production in response to an infection. We have known vaccines operate in this manner for a long time.

The innate immune system isn't adaptive. It responds to foreign things but in a more general way. As we have increased our understanding of the immune system, we are beginning to learn that some things stimulate the innate immune system to be more active. There was some hope that BCG vaccine for tuberculosis stimulated the innate immune response and was the driving factor in countries that used BCG having fewer infections.

Due to increased investigation into the innate immune system, we appear to be finding out that vaccines and other things may up regulate or down regulate the innate immune system. Understanding how and why may lead to useful things like better treatments for autoimmune diseases and better vaccines.