Millennials and Gen Z are accused of treating finance like a game. They trade options, buy meme coins, play prediction markets and bet on sports as if the entire economy were a casino. The criticism usually ends there, with a finger wag and a head shake.
Baby boomers and members of Gen X say this is reckless, solid proof that social media has gamified money. But this misunderstands the mindsets of today's young people. What seems like recklessness to parents and grandparents is actually a worrisome form of economic adaptation.
It's known as financial nihilism, a term coined by podcaster Demetri Kofinas several years ago, and it describes the sense that the economic system no longer rewards prudence or long-term planning.
When every conventional path narrows, people start to look for alternatives. And in practice, that has meant turning toward the few places where a real upside still appears possible, even if the risks are high. In this environment, prediction markets, sports betting and cryptocurrency start to look like some of the only levers they have left. Nearly two-thirds of Gen Z and Millennials think that the only way to build wealth today is through alternative methods like gambling and crypto, according to the Harris Poll.
A U.S. survey from Gemini, a major cryptocurrency exchange, found that nearly half of Gen Z investors own cryptocurrency. A separate study from the CFA Institute found that American Gen Z investors hold a median amount of $1,000 in crypto, a quarter of their median total investment portfolio of $4,000.
Sports betting tells the same story31% of 18- to 34-year-olds have an account with an online sports book, and 32% of those with an account bet three or more times a week, according to a 2024 Siena College/St. Bonaventure survey. Thirty percent of that same age group has bet more than $500 or more in one day.
Younger adults are consistently searching for returns in a system that offers them few traditional ones. And these platforms, from crypto exchanges to betting apps, benefit enormously from that search since their profit is built on top of the very volatility that young people are trying to navigate.
Why My Generation Is Turning to 'Financial Nihilism' - WSJ