BQ78 said:
So the system is so loaded against black Americans that even 50 years of affirmative action can't offset it? Does AA even help, as in many ways the system seems to be holding them back more than 20 years ago? Is this white system the one that is causing young black men to eschew education or is it being perpetrated on themselves by their fellows? Why aren't the Chinese equally traumatized as an ethnicity?
I think affirmative action has become a boogie man in conservative quarters that is so powerful it becomes impossible to have an honest discussion about how limited the program is and how how it isn't intended to address the most serious structural issues that created and perpetuate racial inequality.
Take home ownership. Blacks after the Civil War received no land, no property, and no financial support. They came from being literal property and expected to find the means to support themselves while the best lands remained in the hands of those who previously owned them. Can you see how this might create a structural imbalance that only gets reinforced over time? If you add to that the social and cultural norms of racism, where blacks are seen as lazy, prone to criminal behavior, and ignorant, it becomes almost impossible for black Americans to escape cycles of dependency and poverty in any large numbers (especially in agriculture, where so much is beyond the control of the farmers on a seasonal basis).
This is without adding onto our picture the additional layer of Jim Crow laws and lynchings that actively work to keep blacks in ignorant poverty. Come the Great Depression and post WWII, housing laws and the distribution of local, state, and federal funds give opportunities to poor whites to find jobs, good affordable housing, and higher education while not extending the same privileges go blacks. This is a real program of affirmative action that changes societies. But it was for whites only.
Now, decades after these processes have driven black Americans as low as possible while giving a leg up to white Americans, we dismantle the laws without dismantling the society that created those laws. So the criminal justice system still has biases. Housing is still largely segregated by race, and poverty is still endemic to minority communities with poor educational opportunities. Are people ultimately responsible for their own actions? Of course. Are things better in 2018 than 1918 or even 1988? Yes. Does that mean everything is fine or that white men are now victims of discrimination? No. The data and all the evidence does not support that.
As for the Chinese, ethnic and immigration history is fascinating. The Chinese faced terrible racism in this country. But they came voluntarily as laborers and most left to go home. The growth in that population is driven by well-educated middle income immigrants who were fairly successful in China but wanted the opportunity here. Different base population.