regional jet crash? (American Airlines) at Reagan (DCA)

189,997 Views | 1557 Replies | Last: 18 hrs ago by titan
Blackhorse83
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HollywoodBQ said:

That Pilot Debrief "Hoover" guy is great.

His videos are very informative and unfortunately - always tragic.
That's him. I watched his live stream yesterday and he covered DC, Philly and that Cali light plane mishap from Jan 2. The DC mishap had him shook.
Scouts Out
bobbranco
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NTSB director said they may disclose the altitude data today.
Jetpilot86
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HowdyTAMU said:

Gordo14 said:

The Kraken said:

HowdyTAMU said:

TCAS should have been screaming at both pilots telling them how to maneuver and avoid. I fear the worst as the helo should have been able to take evasive measures.


Do military helicopters have TCAS?


Even if they did that's not really a place where TCAS would work. There was no room for both aircraft to maneuver at that altitude.

100% this is ATC or the helicopter. We will probably know the answet by tomorrow as someone is already breaking down the ATC trnasmissions.


Do you think TCAS was made for jet routes??


I'm catching up on this thread, but the avoidance part is inhibited below 800' agl. The chopper probably didn't have it at all.
tk for tu juan
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Catag94
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Another good video that probably fills in lots of gaps for non aviators.

Seems like they should just close runway 15/33.
G Martin 87
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Very helpful, thanks for posting.
74OA
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JB!98 said:

Does TCAS not work in the approach or take off due to the proximity to so many other aircraft? Does it only read transponders, which I assume the Blackhawk did not have on?

NVM I type too slow. Saw the question above.
TCAS
sts7049
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Catag94 said:

Another good video that probably fills in lots of gaps for non aviators.

Seems like they should just close runway 15/33.


either that or eliminating the heli route makes this whole sequence almost impossible
Catag94
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sts7049 said:

Catag94 said:

Another good video that probably fills in lots of gaps for non aviators.

Seems like they should just close runway 15/33.


either that or eliminating the heli route makes this whole sequence almost impossible


With that joint airbase right there on the east bank directly across from the airport itself, I don't see them eliminating helicopter traffic to and from it. I guess they could perhaps route it further east but since runway 33/15 is already short l, I suggest just closing that and then perhaps reducing the flights to manage the congestion at the airport itself
javajaws
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LOL - https://www.foxnews.com/us/dc-plane-crash-airport-employees-arrested-over-leaked-video-midair-collision

Typical beaurocrat answer - try to control the information flow then punish those who don't obey. I'm sure technically these guys committed a crime - but really? Its just a video not even audio as far as I know.
JFABNRGR
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74OA said:

JB!98 said:

Does TCAS not work in the approach or take off due to the proximity to so many other aircraft? Does it only read transponders, which I assume the Blackhawk did not have on?

NVM I type too slow. Saw the question above.
TCAS
I thought in the NTSB interview they stated the CRJ did receive a TCAS alert below 500'.
I could be wrong too much other stuff happening right now.
MarkTwain
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People sleep peaceably in their beds at night only because hard men stand ready to do violence on their behalf.
sts7049
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that is what blancolirio said as well
Catag94
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JFABNRGR said:

74OA said:

JB!98 said:

Does TCAS not work in the approach or take off due to the proximity to so many other aircraft? Does it only read transponders, which I assume the Blackhawk did not have on?

NVM I type too slow. Saw the question above.
TCAS
I thought in the NTSB interview they stated the CRJ did receive a TCAS alert below 500'.
I could be wrong too much other stuff happening right now.


They did. They also said that the cockpit voice recorder indicated the crew had an audible verbal response to the alert and increased their pitch.
Jetpilot86
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JFABNRGR said:

74OA said:

JB!98 said:

Does TCAS not work in the approach or take off due to the proximity to so many other aircraft? Does it only read transponders, which I assume the Blackhawk did not have on?

NVM I type too slow. Saw the question above.
TCAS
I thought in the NTSB interview they stated the CRJ did receive a TCAS alert below 500'.
I could be wrong too much other stuff happening right now.

You may be conflating two things.

TCAS has two parts, Traffic Alerts (TA), and Resolution Advisories (RA)

TA's will occur further out and are supposed to draw attention to the conflicting traffic so we will locate them. Blonco said these are inhibited around 500' AGL (Above Ground Level) but the crew in the RJ did get one.

RA's are inhibited around 1000' AGL so we don't follow one into the ground on approach. The RA's are only vertical guidance by design. They were never going to get an RA.

In the landing environment, with a relatively short runway for the jet, and the UH60 being told to avoid the jet, they may have let their guard down a little and definitely had a bad angle to spot the chopper under the best of conditions because of the low turn they were in.

I suspect at least two things will come out of this; first, TA's under 1000' feet may result in airliner go arounds, especially at DCA. IIRC within the last few weeks a few had done so in this scenario.

Second, helos will be required to hold north of that bridge until the jets have crossed their path, and likely landed.

Aviation safety is written in blood unfortunately, and this is likely to be no exception.
Ag83
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txags92
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I spoke to a former Army Blackhawk pilot over the weekend to get his take. One of the great points he made was how ridiculously dangerous the cleared routing was. He said Army rules gave him +/-150' (I think he said 150, but may have been 100') from his assigned altitude. He said FAA usually gives +/-200. Both aircraft could with within their allowed variance for their assigned altitudes and still collide.

He also said flying at night in NVGs, maneuvering and looking for other traffic was a lot of tasks and just about any move you make can cause you to gain or lose altitude while you are paying attention to other things. But the way this route and the landing pattern were setup, aircraft could be cleared to pass within ~200' vertical separation over each other while crossing

To him, that was insanely close. He said in formation flying the blackhawk, he would not be within 150' of the other aircraft. He said the minimum vertical separation he would normally be comfortable with would be something like 1000'. His thought was that clearing the blackhawk on visual separation at night with that little vertical separation was crazy and should not have happened. Either the helicopter should have been directed to another cleared route or held until the approaching traffic cleared. His assessment was that fault was about 25% blackhawk pilot for being too high, 25% atc for allowing the two aircraft to get that close with such a small vertical separation without waving off one or the other, and the remaining 50% was one whoever set up that routing that allowed crossing traffic with such a small vertical separation.
chickencoupe16
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txags92 said:

His assessment was that fault was about 25% blackhawk pilot for being too high, 25% atc for allowing the two aircraft to get that close with such a small vertical separation without waving off one or the other, and the remaining 50% was one whoever set up that routing that allowed crossing traffic with such a small vertical separation.
I'd probably amend that to 25% Blackhawk for being too high and 40% Blackhawk not having a visual of the plane. The route sucks but it's been flown for years and years with no previous mid-airs and while that doesn't make it a good idea, it was a workable setup.
txags92
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chickencoupe16 said:

txags92 said:

His assessment was that fault was about 25% blackhawk pilot for being too high, 25% atc for allowing the two aircraft to get that close with such a small vertical separation without waving off one or the other, and the remaining 50% was one whoever set up that routing that allowed crossing traffic with such a small vertical separation.
I'd probably amend that to 25% Blackhawk for being too high and 40% Blackhawk not having a visual of the plane. The route sucks but it's been flown for years and years with no previous mid-airs and while that doesn't make it a good idea, it was a workable setup.
Doing it safely thousands of times previously means very little if it is inherently unsafe. It just means it hasn't happened yet. If you want to blame the BH for not having visual on the correct aircraft, you should also blame ATC for not giving them a better description of where they should be looking. And ATC should have waved somebody off when it was apparent their positions were going to merge with less than 100' of separation. Having only 1 controller instead of 2 handling that is likely to be a significant contributing factor.
chickencoupe16
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txags92 said:

chickencoupe16 said:

txags92 said:

His assessment was that fault was about 25% blackhawk pilot for being too high, 25% atc for allowing the two aircraft to get that close with such a small vertical separation without waving off one or the other, and the remaining 50% was one whoever set up that routing that allowed crossing traffic with such a small vertical separation.
I'd probably amend that to 25% Blackhawk for being too high and 40% Blackhawk not having a visual of the plane. The route sucks but it's been flown for years and years with no previous mid-airs and while that doesn't make it a good idea, it was a workable setup.
Doing it safely thousands of times previously means very little if it is inherently unsafe. It just means it hasn't happened yet. If you want to blame the BH for not having visual on the correct aircraft, you should also blame ATC for not giving them a better description of where they should be looking. And ATC should have waved somebody off when it was apparent their positions were going to merge with less than 100' of separation. Having only 1 controller instead of 2 handling that is likely to be a significant contributing factor.


It means that doing so safely is possible, even if it's not the best idea. There's no way the route deserves 50% of the blame but the Blackhawk pilots who requested visual separation only get half that.
nortex97
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It's a problematic airspace.




It sounds like they really do need to make some changes. I'm not a pilot so I don't know what/how they should change it. I don't think 'close the airport' is the right answer though.
Rocky Rider
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This problem does not fall into the 'too difficult to solve' domain. An engaged Secretary of Transportation should gather a small team of trusted experts to define short and long term changes. Don't over analyze it
Jetpilot86
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The answer will be restricted helo ops as visual landings are happening on that runway.
doubledog
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I thought we stopped talking about this when we found out that the pilot of the helicopter was a liberal white women.
txags92
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Jetpilot86 said:

The answer will be restricted helo ops as visual landings are happening on that runway.
Yeah, seems like allowing them to proceed on visual separation, particularly at night, is prone to allowing aircraft to get way too close to each other.
txags92
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chickencoupe16 said:

txags92 said:

chickencoupe16 said:

txags92 said:

His assessment was that fault was about 25% blackhawk pilot for being too high, 25% atc for allowing the two aircraft to get that close with such a small vertical separation without waving off one or the other, and the remaining 50% was one whoever set up that routing that allowed crossing traffic with such a small vertical separation.
I'd probably amend that to 25% Blackhawk for being too high and 40% Blackhawk not having a visual of the plane. The route sucks but it's been flown for years and years with no previous mid-airs and while that doesn't make it a good idea, it was a workable setup.
Doing it safely thousands of times previously means very little if it is inherently unsafe. It just means it hasn't happened yet. If you want to blame the BH for not having visual on the correct aircraft, you should also blame ATC for not giving them a better description of where they should be looking. And ATC should have waved somebody off when it was apparent their positions were going to merge with less than 100' of separation. Having only 1 controller instead of 2 handling that is likely to be a significant contributing factor.


It means that doing so safely is possible, even if it's not the best idea. There's no way the route deserves 50% of the blame but the Blackhawk pilots who requested visual separation only get half that.
See Nortex's post above. There have been numerous close calls in the past and lots of people already viewed it as unsafe prior to this accident. It appears nothing was changed to address them. If you accept a routing pattern where close calls are a normal part of the operation, you will eventually get a collision, and we did. Yes, the helo pilot was above their ceiling, but was likely within the acceptable limit for +/- or only a few feet beyond it. Any routing pattern that allows aircraft to be crossing paths with vertical separation that is less than the acceptable margin of altitude error for the two aircraft is inherently unsafe and should have been changed or garnered more attention from ATC than it received. Air traffic safety relies on redundant steps to keep people safe even when somebody makes an error. One error, like flying slightly too high or not identifying the proper traffic to avoid should not be enough to result in a crash. If it only takes 1-2 fairly routine errors to cause a crash, the pattern was being allowed to fly to close to the edge of safety.
agAngeldad
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txags92 said:

chickencoupe16 said:

txags92 said:

chickencoupe16 said:

txags92 said:

His assessment was that fault was about 25% blackhawk pilot for being too high, 25% atc for allowing the two aircraft to get that close with such a small vertical separation without waving off one or the other, and the remaining 50% was one whoever set up that routing that allowed crossing traffic with such a small vertical separation.
I'd probably amend that to 25% Blackhawk for being too high and 40% Blackhawk not having a visual of the plane. The route sucks but it's been flown for years and years with no previous mid-airs and while that doesn't make it a good idea, it was a workable setup.
Doing it safely thousands of times previously means very little if it is inherently unsafe. It just means it hasn't happened yet. If you want to blame the BH for not having visual on the correct aircraft, you should also blame ATC for not giving them a better description of where they should be looking. And ATC should have waved somebody off when it was apparent their positions were going to merge with less than 100' of separation. Having only 1 controller instead of 2 handling that is likely to be a significant contributing factor.


It means that doing so safely is possible, even if it's not the best idea. There's no way the route deserves 50% of the blame but the Blackhawk pilots who requested visual separation only get half that.
See Nortex's post above. There have been numerous close calls in the past and lots of people already viewed it as unsafe prior to this accident. It appears nothing was changed to address them. If you accept a routing pattern where close calls are a normal part of the operation, you will eventually get a collision, and we did. Yes, the helo pilot was above their ceiling, but was likely within the acceptable limit for +/- or only a few feet beyond it. Any routing pattern that allows aircraft to be crossing paths with vertical separation that is less than the acceptable margin of altitude error for the two aircraft is inherently unsafe and should have been changed or garnered more attention from ATC than it received. Air traffic safety relies on redundant steps to keep people safe even when somebody makes an error. One error, like flying slightly too high or not identifying the proper traffic to avoid should not be enough to result in a crash. If it only takes 1-2 fairly routine errors to cause a crash, the pattern was being allowed to fly to close to the edge of safety.
ATC should have waved somebody off when it was apparent their positions were going to merge with less than 100' of separation.

Not exactly how ATC works. We dont "wave people off". Both parties received alerts and responded. The question is why didn't it work this time. I will concede that ATC did not use proper phraseology; however, in an "aw sheT" moment, ATC did call traffic, and the pilot confirmed visual. Again, not exactly to the book. ATC should have probably instructed the pilot to turn away or hold, however, when pilots report in sight.........

The route is a problem, and hold/reporting points should probably be added and perhaps no night gogles used. If the HC had been on the exact route, with no intervention, they would still have been to close.

As mentioned before, aviation rules are often written with blood.
Kenneth_2003
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Jetpilot86 said:

The answer will be restricted helo ops as visual landings are happening on that runway.
I know noise abatement, blah blah blah, but create a Helo Route 4A half a mile or so to the east over land. Raise the minimum elevation to 500 or 750ft provided that fits within ALL published approaches to 33.

txags92
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agAngeldad said:

txags92 said:

chickencoupe16 said:

txags92 said:

chickencoupe16 said:

txags92 said:

His assessment was that fault was about 25% blackhawk pilot for being too high, 25% atc for allowing the two aircraft to get that close with such a small vertical separation without waving off one or the other, and the remaining 50% was one whoever set up that routing that allowed crossing traffic with such a small vertical separation.
I'd probably amend that to 25% Blackhawk for being too high and 40% Blackhawk not having a visual of the plane. The route sucks but it's been flown for years and years with no previous mid-airs and while that doesn't make it a good idea, it was a workable setup.
Doing it safely thousands of times previously means very little if it is inherently unsafe. It just means it hasn't happened yet. If you want to blame the BH for not having visual on the correct aircraft, you should also blame ATC for not giving them a better description of where they should be looking. And ATC should have waved somebody off when it was apparent their positions were going to merge with less than 100' of separation. Having only 1 controller instead of 2 handling that is likely to be a significant contributing factor.


It means that doing so safely is possible, even if it's not the best idea. There's no way the route deserves 50% of the blame but the Blackhawk pilots who requested visual separation only get half that.
See Nortex's post above. There have been numerous close calls in the past and lots of people already viewed it as unsafe prior to this accident. It appears nothing was changed to address them. If you accept a routing pattern where close calls are a normal part of the operation, you will eventually get a collision, and we did. Yes, the helo pilot was above their ceiling, but was likely within the acceptable limit for +/- or only a few feet beyond it. Any routing pattern that allows aircraft to be crossing paths with vertical separation that is less than the acceptable margin of altitude error for the two aircraft is inherently unsafe and should have been changed or garnered more attention from ATC than it received. Air traffic safety relies on redundant steps to keep people safe even when somebody makes an error. One error, like flying slightly too high or not identifying the proper traffic to avoid should not be enough to result in a crash. If it only takes 1-2 fairly routine errors to cause a crash, the pattern was being allowed to fly to close to the edge of safety.
ATC should have waved somebody off when it was apparent their positions were going to merge with less than 100' of separation.

Not exactly how ATC works. We dont "wave people off". Both parties received alerts and responded. The question is why didn't it work this time. I will concede that ATC did not use proper phraseology; however, in an "aw sheT" moment, ATC did call traffic, and the pilot confirmed visual. Again, not exactly to the book. ATC should have probably instructed the pilot to turn away or hold, however, when pilots report in sight.........

The route is a problem, and hold/reporting points should probably be added and perhaps no night gogles used. If the HC had been on the exact route, with no intervention, they would still have been to close.

As mentioned before, aviation rules are often written with blood.
I am not sure that we have seen that the CRJ ever received a traffic notice. They were apparently able to hear ATC notifying PAT25 of the CRJ, but it is not clear whether they knew they were the traffic being referenced, and they were not able to hear PAT25's replies. I would agree that hold points and restrictions on use of visual separation clearances should be part of the discussion of how to make the pattern safer.
Jetpilot86
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Kenneth_2003 said:

Jetpilot86 said:

The answer will be restricted helo ops as visual landings are happening on that runway.
I know noise abatement, blah blah blah, but create a Helo Route 4A half a mile or so to the east over land. Raise the minimum elevation to 500 or 750ft provided that fits within ALL published approaches to 33.




I can assure you that routing is a political decision and probably still won't change despite this.
agAngeldad
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txags92 said:

agAngeldad said:

txags92 said:

chickencoupe16 said:

txags92 said:

chickencoupe16 said:

txags92 said:

His assessment was that fault was about 25% blackhawk pilot for being too high, 25% atc for allowing the two aircraft to get that close with such a small vertical separation without waving off one or the other, and the remaining 50% was one whoever set up that routing that allowed crossing traffic with such a small vertical separation.
I'd probably amend that to 25% Blackhawk for being too high and 40% Blackhawk not having a visual of the plane. The route sucks but it's been flown for years and years with no previous mid-airs and while that doesn't make it a good idea, it was a workable setup.
Doing it safely thousands of times previously means very little if it is inherently unsafe. It just means it hasn't happened yet. If you want to blame the BH for not having visual on the correct aircraft, you should also blame ATC for not giving them a better description of where they should be looking. And ATC should have waved somebody off when it was apparent their positions were going to merge with less than 100' of separation. Having only 1 controller instead of 2 handling that is likely to be a significant contributing factor.


It means that doing so safely is possible, even if it's not the best idea. There's no way the route deserves 50% of the blame but the Blackhawk pilots who requested visual separation only get half that.
See Nortex's post above. There have been numerous close calls in the past and lots of people already viewed it as unsafe prior to this accident. It appears nothing was changed to address them. If you accept a routing pattern where close calls are a normal part of the operation, you will eventually get a collision, and we did. Yes, the helo pilot was above their ceiling, but was likely within the acceptable limit for +/- or only a few feet beyond it. Any routing pattern that allows aircraft to be crossing paths with vertical separation that is less than the acceptable margin of altitude error for the two aircraft is inherently unsafe and should have been changed or garnered more attention from ATC than it received. Air traffic safety relies on redundant steps to keep people safe even when somebody makes an error. One error, like flying slightly too high or not identifying the proper traffic to avoid should not be enough to result in a crash. If it only takes 1-2 fairly routine errors to cause a crash, the pattern was being allowed to fly to close to the edge of safety.
ATC should have waved somebody off when it was apparent their positions were going to merge with less than 100' of separation.

Not exactly how ATC works. We dont "wave people off". Both parties received alerts and responded. The question is why didn't it work this time. I will concede that ATC did not use proper phraseology; however, in an "aw sheT" moment, ATC did call traffic, and the pilot confirmed visual. Again, not exactly to the book. ATC should have probably instructed the pilot to turn away or hold, however, when pilots report in sight.........

The route is a problem, and hold/reporting points should probably be added and perhaps no night gogles used. If the HC had been on the exact route, with no intervention, they would still have been to close.

As mentioned before, aviation rules are often written with blood.
I am not sure that we have seen that the CRJ ever received a traffic notice. They were apparently able to hear ATC notifying PAT25 of the CRJ, but it is not clear whether they knew they were the traffic being referenced, and they were not able to hear PAT25's replies. I would agree that hold points and restrictions on use of visual separation clearances should be part of the discussion of how to make the pattern safer.


Agree. Not sure what either pilot initially saw. Also not sure if traffic was issued to the RJ. However, this can be fixed pretty easily.
Stat Monitor Repairman
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Latest update.

Jenn learning us with upspeak a nice touch.
Stat Monitor Repairman
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Update 20-days later:

Blackhawk pilot now confirmed to have been on a check-ride.
nortex97
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AG
Some speculation, not sure any of this is right:

Quote:

BREAKING: The NTSB just dropped the Blackhawk helicopter's black box recordings from the deadly Washington, DC crash with a commercial jetand it's a jaw-dropper. Here's what it tells us:
Altitude Chaos: The chopper's altimeter was offway off. Pilot read 300 feet, instructor saw 400, but the real number? 278 feetwell above the 200-foot ceiling. They were flying blind on bad data.
Missed Calls: Air traffic control screamed "pass behind the jet"but the pilots didn't hear it. The mic was keyed at the worst moment, drowning out the warning. Seconds later? Boom.
Last-Second Panic: The jet's pilots tried to pull upnose pitched up just before impact. Too late. The Blackhawk crew? No clue what hit them 'til it did.
Night Vision Goggles: They were wearing them, but did they obscure the jet's lights? Experts say it's possible they locked onto the wrong target in DC's crowded skies.
This wasn't just one mistakeit was a cascade of failures. 67 lives gone. NTSB says a prelim report's coming soon, but this black box is already screaming: something was seriously broken that night. Share thispeople need to know.
Check out @Brian.Murray on Youtube for more great insight like this.
No idea who any of the above posters/youtube people are.
Dill-Ag13
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Damning video of the helo crew
 
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